{"id":22360,"date":"2022-08-31T11:07:16","date_gmt":"2022-08-31T11:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/catweb.ro\/babydetect\/?p=22360"},"modified":"2022-09-05T13:40:45","modified_gmt":"2022-09-05T13:40:45","slug":"fanconi-anaemia-fa-fanca-fancb-fancc-fancd2-fance-fancf-fang-fanci-ercc4-fancl-mad2l2-ube2t-slx4-genes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/fanconi-anaemia-fa-fanca-fancb-fancc-fancd2-fance-fancf-fang-fanci-ercc4-fancl-mad2l2-ube2t-slx4-genes\/","title":{"rendered":"Fanconi Anaemia (FA)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANG, FANCI, ERCC4, FANCL, MAD2L2, UBE2T, SLX4 genes<\/p>\n<p><em>Also known as: Fanconi pancytopenia<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Includes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#227650<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227650\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227650<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#300514<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/300514\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/300514<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#227645<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227645<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#227646<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227646<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#603467<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/603467\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/603467<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#600901<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/600901<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#614082<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/614082<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#609053<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/609053\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/609053<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#615272<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/615272<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#614083<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/614083<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#617243<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/617243\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/617243<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#616435<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/616435\">https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/616435<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; OMIM#613951<\/strong> https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/613951<\/p>\n<h4>1. The disease:<\/h4>\n<p>A rare genetic multisystem disorder characterized by progressive pancytopenia with bone marrow failure, variable congenital malformations, and predisposition to develop hematological or solid tumors.<\/p>\n<h4>2. The symptoms:<\/h4>\n<p>The first signs of Fanconi anaemia (FA) are typically non-haematological features. Limb anomalies typically affect the extremities, are unilateral or (usually asymmetric) bilateral. Minor anomalies can also be present such as low birth length and weight, microcephaly and\/or microphthalmia. Skin pigmentation abnormalities (caf\u00e9-au-lait spots) and hypoplastic thenar eminence are frequent. <em>Lack of early signs or symptoms does not exclude the diagnosis.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Almost 20% of patients have ear malformations with or without hearing loss. Congenital malformations may involve other organ systems and vary within families.<\/li>\n<li>Bone marrow failure (BMF) occurs at a median age of 7 years, developing in 90% of patients by 40 years of age.<\/li>\n<li>Short stature is syndromic and\/or associated to endocrinopathies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. Actions to take in case of early diagnosis:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>FA is genetically heterogeneous, and the implicated variants are involved in DNA repair and genomic stability. More than 90% of patients have mutations within\u00a0<em>FANCA,\u00a0FANCC,\u00a0FANCG\u00a0or\u00a0FANCD2<\/em>\u00a0genes.<\/li>\n<li>Correlation with increased\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/n\/gene\/glossary\/def-item\/chromosome\/\">chromosome<\/a>\u00a0breakage and radial forms on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/n\/gene\/glossary\/def-item\/cytogenetic\/\">cytogenetic<\/a>\u00a0testing of lymphocytes with diepoxybutane (DEB) and mitomycin C (MMC) can also help.<\/li>\n<li>FA is a lifelong disease requiring lifetime management and regular follow-up with a <strong>Haematology Center<\/strong>. Management is provided by multidisciplinary team.<\/li>\n<li>Supportive care includes transfusions of packed red blood cells (RBC) or leucodepleted platelets but if regular transfusion is required, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) should be considered.<\/li>\n<li>Currently, the only curative treatment for hematologic manifestations is HSCT.<\/li>\n<li>Symptomatic treatment includes oral androgen administration, which improves blood counts in most patients but is associated with severe liver toxicity and does not suppress the leukemic risk. Administration of G-CSF, best after bone marrow aspirate, should be considered in patients with acute severe infections.<\/li>\n<li>Regular screening for haematological malignancies is recommended during childhood in non-transplanted patients; except for 1q anomalies, identification of a clonal event should lead to transplantation. Screening for solid tumours should start in adolescence, especially in the post-transplant setting; risk may be higher in patients with chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD).<\/li>\n<li>Genetic counselling should be offered to at-risk family members.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. For more information<strong>:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>Orphanet :<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.orpha.net\/consor\/cgi-bin\/Disease_Search.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=634&amp;Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseGroup=Fanconi-anemia&amp;Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseType=Pat&amp;Disease(s)\/group%20of%20diseases=Fanconi-anemia&amp;title=Fanconi%20anemia&amp;search=Disease_Search_Simple\">https:\/\/www.orpha.net\/consor\/cgi-bin\/Disease_Search.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=634&amp;Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseGroup=Fanconi-anemia&amp;Disease_Disease_Search_diseaseType=Pat&amp;Disease(s)\/group%20of%20diseases=Fanconi-anemia&amp;title=Fanconi%20anemia&amp;search=Disease_Search_Simple<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Biblio :<\/strong>\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK1401\/\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK1401\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANG, FANCI, ERCC4, FANCL, MAD2L2, UBE2T, SLX4 genes Also known as: Fanconi pancytopenia Includes: &#8211; OMIM#227650 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227650 &#8211; OMIM#300514 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/300514 &#8211; OMIM#227645 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227645 &#8211; OMIM#227646 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/227646 &#8211; OMIM#603467 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/603467 &#8211; OMIM#600901 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/600901 &#8211; OMIM#614082 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/614082 &#8211; OMIM#609053 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/609053 &#8211; OMIM#615272 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/615272 &#8211; OMIM#614083 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/614083 &#8211; OMIM#617243 https:\/\/omim.org\/entry\/617243 &#8211; OMIM#616435&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22348,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22360"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22360"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22360\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.babydetect.be\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}